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Walking With Giants

Bible, Theology, Preaching

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  • Bible Study Notes
    • Introductory
      • Types of Literature in the Bible
      • What is the shape of the Bible’s story?
      • The canon of Scripture
    • Old Testament
      • General
        • Historical Difficulties
        • The Old Testament story – chart
      • Genesis (intro)
        • Genesis 1
        • Genesis 2
        • Genesis 3
        • Genesis 4
        • Genesis 5
        • Genesis 6
        • Genesis 7
        • Genesis 8
        • Genesis 9
        • Genesis 10
        • Genesis 11
        • Genesis 12
        • Genesis 13
        • Genesis 14
        • Genesis 15
        • Genesis 16
        • Genesis 17
        • Genesis 18
        • Genesis 19
        • Genesis 20
        • Genesis 21
        • Genesis 22
        • Genesis 23
        • Genesis 24
        • Genesis 25
        • Genesis 26
        • Genesis 27
        • Genesis 28
        • Genesis 29
        • Genesis 30
        • Genesis 32
        • Genesis 33
        • Genesis 35
        • Genesis 36
        • Genesis 37
        • Genesis 39
        • Genesis 49
        • Genesis 50
      • Exodus (intro)
        • Exodus 1
        • Exodus 2
        • Exodus 3
        • Exodus 4
        • Exodus 5
        • Exodus 6
        • Exodus 7
        • Exodus 8
        • Exodus 9
        • Exodus 10
        • Exodus 11
        • Exodus 12
        • Exodus 13
        • Exodus 14
        • Exodus 15
        • Exodus 16
        • Exodus 17
        • Exodus 18
        • Exodus 20
        • Exodus 21
        • Exodus 22
        • Exodus 23
        • Exodus 24
        • Exodus 25
        • Exodus 26
        • Exodus 27
        • Exodus 28
        • Exodus 29
        • Exodus 32
        • Exodus 33
        • Exodus 34
        • Exodus 40
      • Leviticus
        • Leviticus 13
        • Leviticus 16
        • Leviticus 18
        • Leviticus 19
        • Leviticus 20
      • Numbers
        • Numbers 1
        • Numbers 2
        • Numbers 3
        • Numbers 5
        • Numbers 6
        • Number 10
        • Numbers 11
        • Numbers 13
        • Numbers 14
        • Numbers 15
        • Numbers 21
        • Numbers 22
        • Numbers 24
        • Numbers 31
        • Numbers 33
      • Deuteronomy (intro)
        • Deuteronomy 3
        • Deuteronomy 5
        • Deuteronomy 6
        • Deuteronomy 7
        • Deuteronomy 8
        • Deuteronomy 10
        • Deuteronomy 14
        • Deuteronomy 16
        • Deuteronomy 18
        • Deuteronomy 20
        • Deuteronomy 21
        • Deuteronomy 22
        • Deuteronomy 23
        • Deuteronomy 24
        • Deuteronomy 28
        • Deuteronomy 29
        • Deuteronomy 31
        • Deuteronomy 32
      • Joshua
        • Introduction
        • Joshua 1
        • Joshua 2
        • Joshua 3
        • Joshua 4
        • Joshua 5
        • Joshua 6
        • Joshua 7
        • Joshua 8
        • Joshua 9
        • Joshua 10
        • Joshua 11
        • Joshua 23
        • Joshua 24
      • Judges (intro)
        • Intro
        • Judges 3
        • Judges 5
        • Judges 6
        • Judges 11
        • Judges 13
        • Judges 19
      • Ruth
        • Intro
        • Ruth 1
        • Ruth 2
        • Ruth 3
        • Ruth 4
      • 1 Samuel
        • 1 Samuel 1
        • 1 Samuel 2
        • 1 Samuel 3
        • 1 Samuel 4
        • 1 Samuel 5
        • 1 Samuel 6
        • 1 Samuel 7
        • 1 Samuel 8
        • 1 Samuel 9
        • 1 Samuel 10
        • 1 Samuel 13
        • 1 Samuel 15
        • 1 Samuel 16
        • 1 Samuel 17
        • 1 Samuel 18
        • 1 Samuel 20
        • 1 Samuel 24
        • 1 Samuel 25
      • 2 Samuel
        • 2 Samuel 1
        • 2 Samuel 5
        • 2 Samuel 7
        • 2 Samuel 9
        • 2 Samuel 11
        • 2 Samuel 12
        • 2 Samuel 16
        • 2 Samuel 21
        • 2 Samuel 24
      • 1 Kings
        • 1 Kings 6
        • 1 Kings 7
        • 1 Kings 9
        • 1 Kings 11
        • 1 Kings 12
        • 1 Kings 18
        • 1 Kings 19
        • 1 Kings 21
        • 1 Kings 20
        • 1 Kings 22
      • 2 Kings
        • 2 Kings 2
        • 2 Kings 3
        • 2 Kings 4
        • 2 Kings 5
        • 2 Kings 6
        • 2 Kings 10
        • 2 Kings 15
        • 2 Kings 20
        • 2 Kings 22
        • 2 Kings 23
      • 1 Chronicles
        • Introduction
        • 1 Chronicles 3
        • 1 Chronicles 21
        • 1 Chronicles 29
      • 2 Chronicles
        • 2 Chronicles 7
        • 2 Chronicles 31
        • 2 Chronicles 32
        • 2 Chronicles 35
      • Nehemiah
        • Introduction
        • Nehemiah 2
        • Nehemiah 3
        • Nehemiah 8
        • Nehemiah 11
        • Nehemiah 12
        • Nehemiah 13
      • Esther
        • Introduction
        • Esther 1
        • Esther 2
        • Esther 3
        • Esther 4
        • Esther 5
        • Esther 6
        • Esther 7
        • Esther 8
        • Esther 9
        • Esther 10
      • Job – intro
        • Job 1
        • Job 2
        • Job 26
        • Job 38
      • Psalms (intro)
        • Psalm 1
        • Psalm 2
        • Psalm 3
        • Psalm 4
        • Psalm 5
        • Psalm 6
        • Psalm 7
        • Psalm 8
        • Psalm 9
        • Psalm 10
        • Psalm 11
        • Psalm 12
        • Psalm 13
        • Psalm 14
        • Psalm 15
        • Psalm 16
        • Psalm 17
        • Psalm 18
        • Psalm 19
        • Psalm 20
        • Psalm 21
        • Psalm 22
        • Psalm 23
        • Psalm 24
        • Psalm 25
        • Psalm 26
        • Psalm 27
        • Psalm 28
        • Psalm 31
        • Psalm 32
        • Psalm 34
        • Psalm 36
        • Psalm 37
        • Psalm 39
        • Psalm 45
        • Psalm 46
        • Psalm 50
        • Psalm 51
        • Psalm 53
        • Psalm 62
        • Psalm 65
        • Psalm 66
        • Psalm 68
        • Psalm 72
        • Psalm 73
        • Psalm 77
        • Psalm 78
        • Psalm 79
        • Psalm 82
        • Psalm 84
        • Psalm 85
        • Psalm 86
        • Psalm 88
        • Psalm 89
        • Psalm 90
        • Psalm 91
        • Psalm 92
        • Psalm 95
        • Psalm 98
        • Psalm 100
        • Psalm 103
        • Psalm 104
        • Psalm 105
        • Psalm 106
        • Psalm 107
        • Psalm 110
        • Psalm 112
        • Psalm 119
        • Psalm 121
        • Psalm 122
        • Psalm 123
        • Psalm 126
        • Psalm 130
        • Psalm 137
        • Psalm 139
        • Psalm 147
        • Psalm 150
      • Proverbs (intro)
        • Proverbs 1
        • Proverbs 3
        • Proverbs 4
        • Proverbs 5
        • Proverbs 6
        • Proverbs 8
        • Proverbs 9
        • Proverbs 13
        • Proverbs 14
        • Proverbs 15
        • Proverbs 16
        • Proverbs 18
        • Proverbs 19
        • Proverbs 20
        • Proverbs 22
        • Proverbs 23
        • Proverbs 25
        • Proverbs 26
        • Proverbs 26
        • Proverbs 27
        • Proverbs 29
        • Proverbs 30
        • Proverbs 31
      • Ecclesiastes (intro)
        • Ecclesiastes 1
        • Ecclesiastes 2
        • Ecclesiastes 3
        • Ecclesiastes 4
        • Ecclesiastes 8
        • Ecclesiastes 9
        • Ecclesiastes 10
        • Ecclesiastes 11
        • Ecclesiastes 12
      • Song of Songs (intro)
        • Song of Songs 1
        • Song of Songs 2
        • Song of Songs 3
        • Song of Songs 5
        • Song of Songs 7
        • Song of Songs 8
      • Isaiah (intro)
        • Isaiah 1
        • Isaiah 2
        • Isaiah 6
        • Isaiah 7
        • Isaiah 8
        • Isaiah 9
        • Isaiah 10
        • Isaiah 11
        • Isaiah 13
        • Isaiah 14
        • Isaiah 19
        • Isaiah 20
        • Isaiah 25
        • Isaiah 27
        • Isaiah 39
        • Isaiah 40
        • Isaiah 41
        • Isaiah 42
        • Isaiah 43
        • Isaiah 44
        • Isaiah 45
        • Isaiah 48
        • Isaiah 49
        • Isaiah 50
        • Isaiah 51
        • Isaiah 52
        • Isaiah 53
        • Isaiah 55
        • Isaiah 56
        • Isaiah 58
        • Isaiah 59
        • Isaiah 61
        • Isaiah 62
        • Isaiah 63
        • Isaiah 64
        • Isaiah 65
        • Isaiah 66
      • Jeremiah
        • Introduction
        • Jeremiah 1
        • Jeremiah 2
        • Jeremiah 5
        • Jeremiah 6
        • Jeremiah 7
        • Jeremiah 8
        • Jeremiah 11
        • Jeremiah 13
        • Jeremiah 18
        • Jeremiah 22
        • Jeremiah 23
        • Jeremiah 26
        • Jeremiah 27
        • Jeremiah 28
        • Jeremiah 29
        • Jeremiah 31
        • Jeremiah 33
        • Jeremiah 36
        • Jeremiah 40
      • Ezekiel
        • Ezekiel 1
        • Ezekiel 2
        • Ezekiel 3
        • Ezekiel 8
        • Ezekiel 20
        • Ezekiel 36
        • Ezekiel 37
        • Ezekiel 43
      • Daniel
        • Introduction
        • Daniel 1
        • Daniel 2
        • Daniel 5
        • Daniel 6
        • Daniel 7
        • Daniel 11
        • Daniel 12
      • Hosea
        • Hosea 1
        • Hosea 4
        • Hosea 6
        • Hosea 11
        • Hosea 13
      • Joel
        • Joel 1
        • Joel 2
        • Joel 3
      • Amos
        • Introduction
        • Amos 1
        • Amos 2
        • Amos 3
        • Amos 4
        • Amos 5
        • Amos 8
      • Obadiah
        • Obadiah 1
      • Jonah – intro
        • Jonah 1
        • Jonah 2
        • Jonah 3
        • Jonah 4
      • Micah – intro
        • Micah 1
        • Micah 2
        • Micah 3
        • Micah 6
        • Micah 7
      • Nahum
        • Nahum 1
        • Nahum 2
        • Nahum 3
      • Habakkuk
        • Introduction
        • Habakkuk 1
        • Habakkuk 2
        • Habakkuk 3
      • Haggai
        • Haggai 1
        • Haggai 2
      • Zechariah
        • Zechariah 1
        • Zechariah 8
        • Zechariah 13
      • Malachi
        • Malachi 1
        • Malachi 2
        • Malachi 3
        • Malachi 4
    • New Testament
      • General
        • Introduction
        • Pseudonymity
        • Canonical Order of NT Books
        • Historical Difficulties
      • Matthew
        • Matthew 1
        • Matthew 2
        • Matthew 3
        • Matthew 4
        • Matthew 5
        • Matthew 6
        • Matthew 7
        • Matthew 8
        • Matthew 9
        • Matthew 10
        • Matthew 11
        • Matthew 12
        • Matthew 13
        • Matthew 14
        • Matthew 15
        • Matthew 16
        • Matthew 17
        • Matthew 18
        • Matthew 19
        • Matthew 20
        • Matthew 21
        • Matthew 22
        • Matthew 23
        • Matthew 24
        • Matthew 25
        • Matthew 26
        • Matthew 27
        • Matthew 28
      • Mark (intro)
        • Mark 1
        • Mark 2
        • Mark 3
        • Mark 4
        • Mark 5
        • Mark 6
        • Mark 7
        • Mark 8
        • Mark 9
        • Mark 10
        • Mark 11
        • Mark 12
        • Mark 13
        • Mark 14
        • Mark 15
        • Mark 16
      • Luke (intro)
        • Luke 1
        • Luke 2
        • Luke 3
        • Luke 4
        • Luke 5
        • Luke 6
        • Luke 7
        • Luke 8
        • Luke 9
        • Luke 10
        • Luke 11
        • Luke 12
        • Luke 13
        • Luke 14
        • Luke 15
        • Luke 16
        • Luke 17
        • Luke 18
        • Luke 19
        • Luke 20
        • Luke 21
        • Luke 22
        • Luke 23
        • Luke 24
      • John (intro)
        • John 1
        • John 2
        • John 3
        • John 4
        • John 5
        • John 6
        • John 7
        • John 8
        • John 9
        • John 10
        • John 11
        • John 12
        • John 13
        • John 14
        • John 15
        • John 16
        • John 17
        • John 18
        • John 19
        • John 20
        • John 21
      • Acts (intro)
        • Acts 1
        • Acts 2
        • Acts 3
        • Acts 4
        • Acts 5
        • Acts 6
        • Acts 7
        • Acts 8
        • Acts 9
        • Acts 10
        • Acts 11
        • Acts 12
        • Acts 13
        • Acts 14
        • Acts 15
        • Acts 16
        • Acts 17
        • Acts 18
        • Acts 19
        • Acts 20
        • Acts 21
        • Acts 22
        • Acts 23
        • Acts 24
        • Acts 25
        • Acts 26
        • Acts 27
        • Acts 28
      • Romans (intro)
        • Romans 1
        • Romans 2
        • Romans 3
        • Romans 4
        • Romans 5
        • Romans 6
        • Romans 7
        • Romans 8
        • Romans 9
        • Romans 10
        • Romans 11
        • Romans 12
        • Romans 13
        • Romans 14
        • Romans 15
        • Romans 16
      • 1 Corinthians (intro)
        • 1 Corinthians 1
        • 1 Corinthians 2
        • 1 Corinthians 3
        • 1 Corinthians 4
        • 1 Corinthians 5
        • 1 Corinthians 6
        • 1 Corinthians 7
        • 1 Corinthians 8
        • 1 Corinthians 9
        • 1 Corinthians 10
        • 1 Corinthians 11
        • 1 Corinthians 12
        • 1 Corinthians 13
        • 1 Corinthians 14
        • 1 Corinthians 15
        • 1 Corinthians 16
      • 2 Corinthians (intro)
        • 2 Corinthians 1
        • 2 Corinthians 2
        • 2 Corinthians 3
        • 2 Corinthians 4
        • 2 Corinthians 5
        • 2 Corinthians 6
        • 2 Corinthians 7
        • 2 Corinthians 8
        • 2 Corinthians 9
        • 2 Corinthians 10
        • 2 Corinthians 11
        • 2 Corinthians 12
        • 2 Corinthians 13
      • Galatians (intro)
        • Galatians 1
        • Galatians 2
        • Galatians 3
        • Galatians 4
        • Galatians 5
        • Galatians 6
      • Ephesians (intro)
        • Ephesians 1
        • Ephesians 2
        • Ephesians 3
        • Ephesians 4
        • Ephesians 5
        • Ephesians 6
      • Philippians
        • Philippians 1
        • Philippians 2
        • Philippians 3
        • Philippians 4
      • Colossians (intro)
        • Colossians 1
        • Colossians 2
        • Colossians 3
        • Colossians 4
      • 1 Thessalonians (intro)
        • 1 Thessalonians 1
        • 1 Thessalonians 2
        • 1 Thessalonians 3
        • 1 Thessalonians 4
        • 1 Thessalonians 5
      • 2 Thessalonians
        • 2 Thessalonians 1
        • 2 Thessalonians 2
        • 2 Thessalonians 3
      • 1 Timothy
        • 1 Timothy 1
        • 1 Timothy 2
        • 1 Timothy 3
        • 1 Timothy 4
        • 1 Timothy 5
        • 1 Timothy 6
      • 2 Timothy
        • 2 Timothy 1
        • 2 Timothy 2
        • 2 Timothy 3
        • 2 Timothy 4
      • Titus
        • Titus 1
        • Titus 2
        • Titus 3
      • Philemon
        • Philemon 1
      • Hebrews (intro)
        • Hebrews 1
        • Hebrews 2
        • Hebrews 3
        • Hebrews 4
        • Hebrews 5
        • Hebrews 6
        • Hebrews 7
        • Hebrews 8
        • Hebrews 9
        • Hebrews 10
        • Hebrews 11
        • Hebrews 12
        • Hebrews 13
      • James (intro)
        • James 1
        • James 2
        • James 3
        • James 4
        • James 5
      • 1 Peter (intro)
        • 1 Peter 1
        • 1 Peter 2
        • 1 Peter 3
        • 1 Peter 4
        • 1 Peter 5
      • 2 Peter (intro)
        • 2 Peter 1
        • 2 Peter 2
        • 2 Peter 3
      • 1 John (intro)
        • 1 John 1
        • 1 John 2
        • 1 John 3
        • 1 John 4
        • 1 John 5
      • 2 John
      • Jude
        • Jude 1
      • Revelation (intro)
        • Revelation 1
        • Revelation 2
        • Revelation 3
        • Revelation 4
        • Revelation 5
        • Revelation 6
        • Revelation 7
        • Revelation 8
        • Revelation 9
        • Revelation 10
        • Revelation 11
        • Revelation 12
        • Revelation 13
        • Revelation 14
        • Revelation 15
        • Revelation 16
        • Revelation 17
        • Revelation 18
        • Revelation 19
        • Revelation 20
        • Revelation 21
        • Revelation 22

Category Archives: Annihilationalism

Matthew 10:28 – ‘destroy’: annihilation or everlasting punishment?

Walking With Giants Posted on February 22, 2021 by adminFebruary 22, 2021

Mt 10:28 – “Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the one who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.”

The question to be explored here is whether the word ‘destroy’ implies a doctrine of everlasting punishment or of annihilation of the wicked.

For those with a traditionalist view, the word ‘destroy’ signifies, not extinction, but ruin; not loss of being, but loss of well-being. …

Posted in Annihilationalism, Hell, Life after Death, Tough texts

Revelation 14:11 – ‘No rest day or night’

Walking With Giants Posted on June 23, 2020 by adminDecember 17, 2020

Rev 14:9 “If anyone worships the beast and his image, and takes the mark on his forehead or his hand, 14:10 that person will also drink of the wine of God’s anger that has been mixed undiluted in the cup of his wrath, and he will be tortured with fire and sulfur in front of the holy angels and in front of the Lamb. 14:11 And the smoke from their torture will go up forever and ever, and those who worship the beast and his image will have no rest day or night, along with anyone who receives the mark of his name.”…

Posted in Annihilationalism, Final Judgment, Hell

The book of life

Walking With Giants Posted on April 15, 2019 by adminApril 15, 2019

G.W. Hawthorne notes that ‘expressions such as “your names are written in heaven” (Lk. 10:20), “whose names are in the book of life” (Phil. 4:3), “whose name has not been written … in the book of life” (Rev. 13:8), and “I will not blot his name out of the book of life” (Rev. 3:5), crop up several times within the NT. The figure is taken from the OT (cf. Isa. 4:3; Ezk. 13:9; Dan. 12:1), or from the secular world where a criminal’s name was removed from the civic register to take from him all rights of citizenship.’…

Posted in Annihilationalism, Last Things, Life after Death

A note on ‘aion’ in the LXX

Walking With Giants Posted on December 24, 2018 by adminApril 5, 2020

Does the Greek root ‘aion*’ always entail infinite duration?

One relevant set of evidence is provided by Douglas Jacoby, who notes that in not a few instances, the Greek aion* is used in the Septuagint in ways in which ‘everlasting’ (i.e. infinite duration) cannot be the meaning:-

  • Genesis 6:4—“Men of old” (giants/ungodly persons/fallen ones/sons of Cain) did not live infinitely
  • Jeremiah 25:12—Destruction of Babylon (though not literally destroyed)
  • Genesis 9:12—Perpetual generations
  • Exodus 21:6—The man or woman would become one’s servant “forever” (!)
…
Posted in Annihilationalism, Hell, Last Things

How can heaven and hell co-exist eternally?

Walking With Giants Posted on January 18, 2018 by adminMarch 25, 2018

How can heaven and hell possibly co-exist everlastingly (asks Philip Edgecumbe Hughes)?  Would this not be incompatible with the redemption achieved by Christ?  For,

  • Christ “has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself” (Heb 9:26; 1 John 3:5);
  • through his appearing death has been abolished (2 Tim 1:10);
  • in the new heaven and the new earth, that is, in the whole realm of the renewed order of creation, there will be no more weeping or suffering, “and death shall be no more” (Rev 21:4).
…
Posted in Annihilationalism, Heaven, Hell

Packer on eternal punishment

Walking With Giants Posted on January 1, 2018 by adminJanuary 1, 2018

In 1990, aware that respected evangelicals such as John Stott, Philip Edgcumbe Hughes and John Wenham had recently lent their support to annihilationism/conditionalism, J.I. Packer gave a lecture on ‘The Problem of Eternal Punishment.’

Packer began by affirming what all evangelicals should affirm, namely that our views about ultimate destiny should be shaped not by what what we might like to be so, but by what Scripture actually says is so.  Packer also observed what many before and after him have observed: that the Scriptural voice which speaks most frequently and firmly about hell is that of Jesus himself.…

Posted in Annihilationalism, Hell, Life after Death, Packer, J.I.

Aiōnios: duration, quality, or both?

Walking With Giants Posted on December 9, 2017 by adminDecember 8, 2019

In his book The Fire That Consumes Fudge devotes an entire chapter (chapter 4) to the meaning of the Greek word aiōnios (usually translated ‘eternal’).

The key question is this: does the word mean (a) everlasting, (b) characteristic of the age to come, or (c) either or both of these (depending on context)?

A key text is Matthew 25:46, which speaks both of ‘eternal life’ and ‘eternal punishment’.  Many argue that aiōnios must mean the same in both parts of the verse. …

Posted in Annihilationalism, Heaven, Hell, Last Things

Grudem on annihilationalism

Walking With Giants Posted on December 3, 2017 by adminJune 1, 2019

Wayne Grudem (Systematic Theology, p1150) notes the following arguments that are advanced in favour of annihilationalism:-

  1. the biblical references to the destruction of the wicked, which, some say, implies that they will no longer exist after they are destroyed (Phil. 3:19; 1 Thess. 5:3; 2 Thess. 1:9; 2 Peter 3:7; et al.);
  2. the apparent inconsistency of eternal conscious punishment with the love of God;
  3. the apparent injustice involved in the disproportion between sins committed in time and punishment that is eternal;
  4. the fact that the continuing presence of evil creatures in God’s universe will eternally mar the perfection of a universe that God created to reflect his glory.
…
Posted in Annihilationalism, Grudem, Wayne

Is hell for ever?

Walking With Giants Posted on December 3, 2017 by adminDecember 7, 2020

I present here arguments for and against this difficult and disputed question.

Yes?

Traditionalists argue that the Gk words for ‘eternal’ (‘aion‘ and ‘ainios‘) often carry a clear idea of duration, Heb 13:8; Rev 4:10; 10:6; 11:15; 14:11; 20:10.  Cp Mk 3:29 w Mt 12:32.  They frequently note the parallelism between ‘eternal life’ and ‘eternal punishment’ in Mt 25:46.

The word ‘eternal’ is used over 60 times to refer to the blessings of the future state. …

Posted in Annihilationalism, Death, Final Judgment, Hell, Intermediate State

Unless otherwise indicated, Bible quotations are from the NET Bible® copyright ©1996-2017 by Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. http://netbible.com All rights reserved.

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