Substitution ‘A ransom for many’ – sermon notes ‘God is love, and…’ Biblical foundations of penal substitution 1 – Exodus 12 Biblical Foundations of Penal Substitution 2 – Leviticus 16 Biblical foundations of penal substitution 3 – Isaiah 53 Biblical foundations of penal substitution 4 – Mark Biblical Foundations of Penal Substitution 5 – John’s Gospel Biblical foundations of penal substitution 6 – Romans Biblical Foundations of Penal Substitution 7 – Galatians Biblical Foundations of Penal Substitution 8 – 1 Peter How old is the doctrine of penal substitutionary atonement? Must God punish sin? Objections to Penal Substitution 1 – Bible Objections to Penal Substitution 2 – Culture Objections to penal substitution 3 – violence Objections to penal substitution 4 – justice Objections to penal substitution 5 – God Objections to penal substitution 6 – the Christian life Puritans on penal substitution Substutionary atonement: a note to preachers The self-substitution of God