Judah’s Descendants, 1-23

4:1 The descendants of Judah:
Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal.
4:2 Reaiah the son of Shobal was the father of Jahath, and Jahath was the father of Ahumai and Lahad. These were the clans of the Zorathites.
4:3 These were the sons of Etam:
Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash. Their sister was Hazzelelponi.
4:4 Penuel was the father of Gedor, and Ezer was the father of Hushah. These were the descendants of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah and the father of Bethlehem.
4:5 Ashhur the father of Tekoa had two wives, Helah and Naarah. 4:6 Naarah bore him Ahuzzam, Hepher, Temeni, and Haahashtari. These were the sons of Naarah. 4:7 The sons of Helah: Zereth, Zohar, Ethnan, 4:8 and Koz, who was the father of Anub, Hazzobebah, and the clans of Aharhel the son of Harum.
4:9 Jabez was more respected than his brothers. His mother had named him Jabez, for she said, “I experienced pain when I gave birth to him.” 4:10 Jabez called out to the God of Israel, “If only you would greatly bless me and expand my territory! May your hand be with me! Keep me from harm so I might not endure pain!” God answered his prayer.
The Prayer of Jabez

1 Chron 4:9 Jabez was more respected than his brothers. His mother had named him Jabez, for she said, “I experienced pain when I gave birth to him.” 4:10 Jabez called out to the God of Israel, “If only you would greatly bless me and expand my territory! May your hand be with me! Keep me from harm so I might not endure pain!” God answered his prayer.

The prayer of Jabez has been made famous by the publication in 2000 of Bruce Wilkinson’s book of the same name.

There is a certain mystery in this account: he suddenly appears in this genealogy, without any mention of his father’s name.

The name ‘Jabez’ itself means, ‘anxious toil’ or ‘hardship’ and was given to him by his mother, who had experienced a difficult birth.  The word is rare, but a variant of it occurs in:

Genesis 3:16 (NET) — ‘To the woman he said, “I will greatly increase your labor pains; with pain you will give birth to children. You will want to control your husband, but he will dominate you.”’

This echo perhaps underscores the fact that although Jabez was born in the midst of pain, God made for him a new future, in response to prayer.

When the text says that Jabez was more respected than his brothers, ‘respected’ suggests ‘honourable’, or even, ‘glorious’.  This description may be explained by the fact that Jabez’ prayer for ‘glory’ was answered:

‘Glory describes a good work well done, and honor is what is given to one who has gained glory. The Apostle Paul in the New Testament uses the terms in this way, encouraging Christians to pursue glory and honor (Rom 2:7).’ (Wyatt Graham)

While it is wrong to attempt to ‘steal’ that glory which belongs to God alone, it is right to seek the glory that God confers.

This glory, suggests Graham, is seen in the following particulars:

  1. ‘Jabez is the first one in Chronicles to “call on [qrʾ] the God of Israel” by name’ (Hahn).  Cf. Gen 4:26.
  2. ‘As Jabez’s birth in pain recalls the effect of sin in the garden (Gen 3:16–17), so God’s protection of Jabez results in him being “free from pain.”’
  3. ‘Jabez receives blessing from God in the form of enlarged borders, which prior Scripture has associated with God’s covenantal blessing.’  Cf. Ex 34:24.
  4. ‘Jabez gains glory because the hand of the Lord is with him.’ Cf. Ex 13:14.
  5. Jabez’ glory is that he prayed to be kept from harm (evil).  Cf. Mt 6:13.

The prayer of Jabez, then, is a prayer for the common good of Israel:

‘These gifts of God that Jabez receives, in line with the promises of God, explain why the Chronicler calls Jabez more glorious than his brothers.’

We not only may, but must, pray as Jabez did.  We must seek glory, honor, and immortality by our good works  (Rom 2:7).  We pray in accordance with God’s promises; saying, ‘Thy will be done, on earth as in heaven’ (Mt 6:10).

Not ethe content of Jabez’ prayer.  He did not pray for personal health or wealth (James 4:2f).  Rather,

‘He prayed for enlarged borders because that accorded with God’s prior covenantal promises. He asked God to give what he promised. And God answered that prayer.’

Likewise, when we pray in accordance with God’s will, he answers (1 Jn 5:14f).

It is ironic that the prayer of Jabez has become closely linked to prosperity theology.  But he did not pray for personal enrichment:

‘Jabez prayed for the enlargement of the border of God’s kingdom on earth to symbolize God’s kingdom coming across the whole earth. So too may we today pray for the enlargement of God’s kingdom.’

(The above notes are based on this article by Wyatt Graham.

Oswalt (in his commentary on Isaiah 58) notes that today are still apt to use religious behaviour as a way of manipulating God while at the same time neglecting “the weightier matters of the law.” If it is not fasting, then it is church attendance, tithing, and so on. These things can all to easily become self-serving rather than God-pleasing.

Oswalt gives the example of the recent frequent use of the ‘prayer of Jabez’:

People say, “I’ve prayed this prayer every day for a month, and my business has never been so good.” But this is to reduce God to the level of a genie in a lamp, and prayer to conjuring trick. ‘Surely the idea’ (says Oswalt) ‘is not to repeat Jabez’s words but to emulate his attitude of committing himself to God.’

4:11 Kelub, the brother of Shuhah, was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton. 4:12 Eshton was the father of Beth-Rapha, Paseah, and Tehinnah, the father of Ir Nahash. These were the men of Recah.
4:13 The sons of Kenaz:
Othniel and Seraiah.
The sons of Othniel:
Hathath and Meonothai. 4:14 Meonothai was the father of Ophrah.
Seraiah was the father of Joab, the father of those who live in Ge Harashim, who were craftsmen.
4:15 The sons of Caleb son of Jephunneh:
Iru, Elah, and Naam.
The son of Elah:
Kenaz.
4:16 The sons of Jehallelel:
Ziph, Ziphah, Tiria, and Asarel.
4:17 The sons of Ezrah:
Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon.
Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah, the father of Eshtemoa. 4:18 (His Judahite wife gave birth to Jered the father of Gedor, Heber the father of Soco, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah.) These were the sons of Pharaoh’s daughter Bithiah, whom Mered married.
4:19 The sons of Hodiah’s wife, the sister of Naham:
the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maacathite.
4:20 The sons of Shimon:
Amnon, Rinnah, Ben-Hanan, and Tilon.
The descendants of Ishi:
Zoheth and Ben Zoheth.
4:21 The sons of Shelah son of Judah:
Er the father of Lecah, Laadah the father of Mareshah, the clans of the linen workers at Beth-Ashbea, 4:22 Jokim, the men of Cozeba, and Joash and Saraph, both of whom ruled in Moab and Jashubi Lehem. (This information is from ancient records.) 4:23 They were the potters who lived in Netaim and Gederah; they lived there and worked for the king.

Simeon’s Descendants, 24-43

4:24 The descendants of Simeon:
Nemuel, Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, Shaul, 4:25 his son Shallum, his son Mibsam, and his son Mishma.
4:26 The descendants of Mishma:
His son Hammuel, his son Zaccur, and his son Shimei.
4:27 Shimei had sixteen sons and six daughters. But his brothers did not have many sons, so their whole clan was not as numerous as the sons of Judah. 4:28 They lived in Beer Sheba, Moladah, Hazar Shual, 4:29 Bilhah, Ezem, Tolad, 4:30 Bethuel, Hormah, Ziklag, 4:31 Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri, and Shaaraim. These were their towns until the reign of David. 4:32 Their settlements also included Etam, Ain, Rimmon, Tochen, and Ashan—five towns. 4:33 They also lived in all the settlements that surrounded these towns as far as Baal. These were their settlements; they kept genealogical records.
4:34 Their clan leaders were:
Meshobab, Jamlech, Joshah son of Amaziah, 4:35 Joel, Jehu son of Joshibiah (son of Seraiah, son of Asiel), 4:36 Eleoenai, Jaakobah, Jeshohaiah, Asaiah, Adiel, Jesimiel, Benaiah, 4:37 Ziza son of Shipi (son of Allon, son of Jedaiah, son of Shimri, son of Shemaiah). 4:38 These who are named above were the leaders of their clans.
Their extended families increased greatly in numbers. 4:39 They went to the entrance of Gedor, to the east of the valley, looking for pasture for their sheep. 4:40 They found fertile and rich pasture; the land was very broad, undisturbed and peaceful. Indeed some Hamites had been living there prior to that. 4:41 The men whose names are listed came during the time of King Hezekiah of Judah and attacked the Hamites’ settlements, as well as the Meunites they discovered there, and they wiped them out to this very day. They dispossessed them, for they found pasture for their sheep there. 4:42 Five hundred men of Simeon, led by Pelatiah, Neariah, Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the sons of Ishi, went to the hill country of Seir 4:43 and defeated the rest of the Amalekite refugees; they live there to this very day.