Focussing mainly on the occurrence of didasko (to teach), Roy Zuck notes that Jesus is recorded as teaching in the following places:

• In a synagogue (Matt. 4:23; 9:35; 13:54; Mark 1:21; 6:2; Luke 4:15; 6:6; 13:10; John 6:59; 18:20)
• In the temple courts in Jerusalem (Matt. 21:23; 26:55; Mark 11:15, 17; 12:35; 14:49; Luke 19:47; 20:1; 21:37; John 7:14, 28; 8:2, 20; 18:20)
• In houses (Luke 5:17-18; 7:36-50) In towns and villages (Matt. 11:1; Mark 6:6; Luke 13:22)
• On a mountainside (Matt. 5:1-2)
• By a lakeshore in a boat (Mark 4:1; Luke 5:3)
• In the streets (Luke 13:26)

Other places where he taught (where the word ‘teach’ is not used) include

• dinner tables (Luke 5:29-31; 7:36; 11:37; 22:14),
• a tomb (John 11:38-44),
• a garden (Matt. 26:36-45),
• a road (Luke 24:32).

Towns and areas where Jesus taught include

• Capernaum (Mark 1:21; Luke 4:31; John 6:59),
• Galilee (Mark 9:30),
• Transjordan (Mark 10:1),
• Judea and Galilee (Luke 23:4-5),
• Jerusalem (the temple courts).

He is also said to have taught in a number of towns, without any reference to what he taught (Matt. 21:23; Mark 1:21-22; 4:1; 6:2, 6; 12:38; Luke 5:17).

(Teaching as Jesus Taught, ch. 3, slightly adapted)